Footnotes are included within the text using superscript Arabic numbers, right after the phrase that the footnote is referring to and preferably at the end of a sentence following a mark of punctuation.This document was written by Ms.
Footnotes can be used to direct readers to an additional source that would add to their understanding, or can be used to present clarifying comments or other information.An endnote serves the same purpose as a footnote, but is instead included at the end of the document or book.Footnotes are placed at the end of a page that contains the information they relate to.Mathematicians have struggled with proving this theorem for years 7- a fact that suggests they still may not have the mathematical “ammunition” required to blow holes in his research. In the case that the sentence contains an em dash, the footnote numbering needs to be inserted before the dash. The government no longer felt the need to be answerable to the public, 9 which bred a lot of resentment in the vote bank. Most word processors have a feature that will allow you to insert a footnote, which will automatically generate a note at the bottom of the page with the corresponding number.Ī few experts feel that this could have been avoided. The MLA style dictates that one needs to indicate footnotes within the text using superscript Arabic numbers, right after the phrase that the footnote is referring to. Just like in the main body of a text, parenthetical citations can be used when quoting a source. This is called an explanatory note.ġIn a televised interview back in 2012, he was quoted saying: “I am the alpha and the omega!” (Wilson 243). If you feel the need to supplement your text with an explanation, offer additional comments, or even provide the background or context for certain statements, you can use a footnote for this purpose as well. Publisher, Date Published, Location.įor more information on formatting references for a works cited list, visit this guide.
#Mla format for note cards website full#
The general format for a full reference in the works cited list is as follows:Īuthor’s Last Name, First Name. If you refer to a source within a footnote, it must be included as a reference within the works cited list. With these types of footnotes, you will typically add a short phrase such as “See…” or “For more information, refer to…” to introduce the footnote and explain why it is being included.ġ See Johnson, chapter 4 for additional insight into this topic. These notes are utilized to direct the reader to texts that support or add more perspective to the point you are making. Footnotes on the other hand, are meant to be utilized for two purposes – to direct the reader to a source that would add to their understanding (bibliographic note), or to provide clarifying information about a point being made (explanatory note). Per the style dictated by MLA guidelines, when referring to source material, one is expected to use a parenthetical citation in the main text. The text included in the footnote itself should be clear and concise.
The MLA handbook recommends keeping the use of footnotes to a minimum, using them only when necessary for clarification purposes. It usually contains information about the source and is encapsulated in parentheses. Not a parenthetical citation or an endnoteįootnotes are not to be confused with endnotes or parenthetical citations.Īn endnote serves a similar purpose as a footnote, but is included at the end of the document or book instead of at the end of the page that contains the information relevant to that note.Ī parenthetical citation, on the other hand, is when you cite a source directly after the quoted or paraphrased information within the text. It is called a footnote because the information is located at the bottom, or the ‘ foot’ of the page. A note at the bottom of the page that corresponds to the numbered notation.A numbered notation next to a line of the main text.A footnote can be useful when you have additional clarifying information that you’d like to fit into a paper, without disrupting the flow of the document.įor help writing your essay, research paper, or other project, check out these writing tips.
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